Learning Styles Essay

Learning styles can be described as various ways to approach learning. There is the auditory learner, who learns best from hearing the curriculum said aloud, the tactile kinesthetic learner, who learns best being physically involved with the lesson, and then there is the visual learner. The definition of a visual learner is someone who learns ideas, concepts, and data through images and techniques. I am a visual learner because I learn best by seeing information first hand, which made my Economics class difficult, but I have learned to develop strategies for success. Certain qualities define me as a visual learner. I need quiet study time to focus on my thoughts, have great instinctive direction, and can easily visualize objects when they are described to me. I can easily memorize what I read and write and remember information well when I see it in front of me. Images, such as diagrams and charts, along with written lessons also help visual learners. I observe all physical elements in a classroom. When talking about historical events, it helps to have a time line to see when events occurred. When I have teachers who display notes on a Power Point or give a hard copy to go along with the lesson, it helps me to learn better. Only hearing the information given aloud makes it challenging for me to remember the theories they teach. These are the characteristics that distinguish me as a visual learner. My economics class in high school was challenging for me. The teacher was very vocal, and preferred to give information aloud, rather then show us. This was very hard for me because I had to pay very close attention and take notes in order to grasp the concept. This class was every weekday for 6 months, so it was very difficult for me to adjust, but I knew I had to if I wanted to succeed the class. Most of my grade was based on quizzes from the curriculum, so I really had to work hard to study and learn the curriculum to pass the class. Having a textbook to go along with the teacher was helpful, but could not replace learning from a teacher. I would have to look through the book after each lesson in class and study from the book to make sure I understood. Although it was difficult, I adapted to the new learning style. To help me be successful in school, I have adapted certain techniques to study. When I take notes, I can study by rewriting them later because when I write something over and over, it can help implant the topic in my brain. When it is allowed, I try to record lectures so in case I miss something while the teacher is talking, I can listen to it again later to  make sure I understand everything. Strategies like flashcards and visual cues are also helpful because I can look at them as many times as I need until I am sure I fully know the lesson. Making outlines after a class can help me to organize notes. When reading material, highlighting and underlining important parts in the text visually emphasizes what will be helpful to know. Making lists can help me catalog my thoughts in an organized manner. Videos related to the topic I am studying is another tool I can use. These are some of the ways I have trained myself to learn from any teaching style. Knowing my learning style and ways I can help myself succeed will be very helpful to me though college. I know I will have a variety of classes and teachers who will teach in ways that may not be the easiest. I can learn to study and grasp information in the way that will be most helpful to me. By studying other learning styles other than my own, I can learn to adapt to the way other teachers educate and succeed in all areas.

The role of a MIDWIFE Essay

Supplying an effectual attention and support to the patient and for their babes during labour The Midwifes besides play a function during the postpartum period ( clip after birth ) . Such as ; Midwifes diagnose. proctor and examine adult females during gestation. Provide full antenatal attention including the showing trials in the infirmary. community and at place. Midwifes identify high risked gestations and they make referrals to physicians and other medical specializers. They arrange and provide parental and wellness instruction. They besides provide reding and advice and after testing trials. The holistic appraisal includes measuring the demands and penchants taken on by the professional by utilizing assessment tools and working closely with the person. Identifying current commissariats by the professional identifying the resources required to run into individual’s needs The Care program marks are made to be achieved and professional identifies an person that can back up and authorise the client by utilizing appropriate attention In a wellness and societal attention scenes. wellness attention professionals such as Midwifes hold an of import journal of their up-to-date agenda with their work rota’s and meetings with NHS professionals. Midwifes would enter of import information the service users would state them about their wellness and other medical issues during their gestation. With these recordings. the accoucheuses would hold shown their recordings from their journals. Guaranting that marks are met. The service user who is vulnerable would happen it really hard in working with excessively many professionals at the same clip. This can go really overpowering towards the service user. An single merely came out of operation and assorted professionals come and check up on you all the clip. The function of a Health attention helper Health attention helpers is involved in measuring a person’s needs when utilizing the services. and be aftering support for the person. a wellness attention adjunct coordinates and rede services user. The professional besides offer support if you need to speak about things. Health attention helpers can mention a service user to a physician in order to acquire his/her immunization up to day of the month. . this is done because the professional is doing certain the wellness attack of the service user is met and this shows that a wellness attention helper is involved in the support of the service user. A wellness attention helper programs support for a service user by assisting them with their demands and taking attention of personal responsibilities for an single. such as acquiring the individual up. washed and dressed. assisting with continency. altering bedclothes and emptying toilets. making wash. besides a wellness attention helper observe the repasts to do certain the servi ce user eats decently. taking medicine. supplying company and societal activities. and seting the individual to bed at dark. The support program of a wellness attention helper gives a service user outlines what occupations or undertakings are needed and who will transport out the support program of the service user. Personal histories is a holistic position that needs to be undertaken. This means that doing mentions to the service users medical jobs. The holistic appraisal includes measuring the demands and penchants taken on by the professional by utilizing assessment tools and working closely with the person. Identifying current commissariats by the professional identifying the resources required to run into individual’s demands. so the attention program marks are made to be achieved and professional identifies an person that can back up and authorise the client by utilizing appropriate attention and guaranting that marks are met. Therefore. a wellness attention helper would utilize this to assist the service user needs a topographic point to remain. so the service user would look at how the topographic point is fit for the service users. A checklist is an assessment procedure in which ensures that each standards in a wellness and societal attention puting is covered. For illustration. a wellness attention helper has a list of standards that they follow which is helpful during the initial appraisal procedure. It is indispensable that all relevant signifiers are completed to supply grounds of this information. For illustration. a wellness attention helper has a signifier where they provide the grounds that you are a qualified accoucheuse. In a wellness and societal attention scenes. wellness attention professional’s wellness attention helpers hold an of import journal of their up-to-date agenda with their work rota’s and meetings with other wellness attention professionals. Health attention helpers would maintain record of their meetings. so they could discourse issues and during these they record and pass it to other professionals to follow up on them. Health attention helpers would enter of import information the service users. Questions- in a wellness and societal attention scenes. wellness attention professionals use inquiries to assist them measure the service users. The wellness attention professionals use the inquiries to understand the different fortunes. in which besides requires a adept usage of oppugning. Records of incidents- this is at that place to do certain that monitoring and reviewing is undertaken. which is where the cardinal workers is advised to records incidents that had occurred in the wellness attention scenes. Observations- an observation is at that place to assist depict an individual’s behavioral forms. they besides observe attention accomplishments at a medical state of affairs at the persons. The function of nurse The functions and duties required of a nurse are ; supplying information. advice and reding to patients identified with sexually transmitted infection. They play an of import function in assisting the patient recognise and pull off their status. They have a non-judgemental attack towards patients. They are besides able to work closely with a scope of public. private and voluntary associations. Checklist- A checklist is an assessment procedure in which ensures that each standards in a wellness and societal attention puting is covered. For illustration. a sexual wellness adviser has a list of standards that they follow which is helpful during the initial appraisal procedure. Forms- it is indispensable that all relevant signifiers are completed to supply grounds of this information. For illustration. midwives has a signifier where they provide the grounds that you are a qualified accoucheuse. Diary- In a wellness and societal attention scenes. wellness attention professionals such as Mi dwifes hold an of import journal of their up-to-date agenda with their work rota’s and meetings with NHS professionals. Sexual wellness adviser would enter the proceedingss of their meetings. so they could discourse issues and during these they record and pass the proceedingss to other professionals to follow up on them. Sexual wellness advisers would enter of import information the service users would state them about their wellness and other medical issues during their gestation period. Furthermore. with these recordings. the sexual wellness advisers would hold shown their recordings from their journals to NICE = ( National Institutes of Clinical Excellence ) . Questions- in a wellness and societal attention scenes. wellness attention professionals use inquiries to assist them measure the service users. The wellness attention professionals use the inquiries to understand the different fortunes. in which besides requires a adept usage of oppugning. Records of incidents- this is at that place to do certain that monitoring and reviewing is undertaken. which is where the cardinal workers is advised to records incidents that had occurred in the wellness attention scenes. Observations- an observation is at that place to assist depict an individual’s behavioral forms. they besides observe attention accomplishments at a medical state of affairs at the persons. Personal histories is a holistic position that needs to be undertaken. This means that doing mentions to old medical jobs. The holistic appraisal includes measuring the demands and penchants taken on by the professional by utilizing assessment tools and working closely with the person. Identifying current commissariats by the professional identifying the resources required to run into individual’s demands. so the attention program marks are made to be achieved and professional identifies an person that can back up and authorise the client by utilizing appropriate a ttention and guaranting that marks are met. Distinction criteria- In a wellness and societal attention scenes there could be issues that could originate when many wellness attention professionals work together on a patient. these could be on. the professionals could hold miscommunication with sending and having information from a professional. for illustration the professionals manus authorship can be hard to understand. Besides. from my unit 1 miscommunication include a usage of particular nomenclature such as slang. informal. rushed and careless interaction during had-off or transportation. including at hospital discharge. and a deficiency of coordination of attention. This is due to the signifier of communicating they use checklists. This provides a predictable construction sing patient fortunes. This means that the professional understands the patient’s needs that the professional would necessitate to be inform of. For illustration in a wellness and societal attention puting a service user was referred and admitted by a attention professional for rating. During the clip in infirmary the patient was found to hold type 2 diabetes. which was already in his household hence biological. The patient was referred to a dietician and put on a rigorous diet. Two yearss after admittance the patient got discharge. The patient was instructed to name her primary attention doctor for followup of the diabetes. No direct communicating was made with the primary attention doctor about the rating occurred. and the patient subsequently indicated she did non understand what was required by the professional. Therefore. this shows that there was a deficiency of communicating with both the professionals and service users. This could impact the service user as the service user would happen it difficult to understand what is go oning to her wellness. Most professionals don’t give plenty inside informations that the patients need to cognize about their symptoms. This is due to a deficiency of miscommunication within two wellness professionals. This could be due to one professional thought that they are better than the other professional so they would non pass on good towards the other professional. Some professionals feel more intelligent than other professionals. this suggest that the hierarchy is shown in a professional scenes. For illustration. struggle of information of the attention professionals such as nurses and physicians could go through on different information to the patients and most likely the physician would non hold with the information the nurses would desire to go through on to the patient which could do the patients experience disempowered as they have no say about their wellness. This could do them to desire to withdraw from the professionals.

Building Management System Bms Server Software Computer Science Essay

Building Management System Bms Server Software Computer Science Essay As we known BMS are created to controlled central computer method which has 3 basis functions, which is controlling, monitoring and also optimizing. However, there is a BMS server software to facilitate the works of facilities management which to functioning within the building and also to fulfill the building operation and maintenance. General Requirement The BMS server system is composed of 3 sets of reducant computers, which communicate with several kinds of input or output devices, subordinate computer system and higher order computer systems. The sections described the software required to achieve the desired functionality of the BMS. The software design is based upon real time data acquisitions and control capability. Data including point values, parameters, messages, instructions, databases access statements, master clock synchronization and other forms of computers data exchange may originates from or be destined for other sub-system and computers and database which may form pat of TAMS. It is responsibility of the BMS Sub-System Contractor to develop, test, document and debug software interface routines and supporting hardware to accomplish the interface requirement of BMS to TAMS and any other system or sub-system with which the BMS is required to communicate. The BMS Sub-System Contractor will provide software for the BMS Sub-System, which is proven in actual field installation of a similar size and scope. The BMS Sub-System Contractor will provide complete information and responses with tenders including reference sites, name, and telephone number of reference site contracts. Software Licensing KLIAB respects the propriety nature of certain software. Commercially available software purchased from a third party such as Microsoft Windows, UNIX, OS/2 and similar software packages are provided. Licenses are bound with the operation and maintenance manuals for BMS system. BMS manufacturer’s proprietary software is provided fully licensed. All BMS manufacturer’s proprietary software will have complete sources codes, programs listings and supporting information deposited in an escrow account at the BMS Sub-System Contractor’s expense. BMS Server Software Operating System The BMS server computers will utilize a multi-user, multi tasking operating system designed for client server operations. The operating system will support all the required software functions and application described in the BMS specifications. Standard services supported by Operating System on serves will include the following: Multi- tasking Multi- user support POSIX 1003, 1 compliance TCP/IP, SLIP Network Support Network File System (NFS) C language complier The BMS Sub-System Contractor will provide to the SMC one complete set of operating system user manuals and programmer’s references manuals bound as part of each BMS Operation and Maintenance Manual. BMS Software Executive The BMS Sub-System Contractor shall provide a complete BMS software executive module which provides at minimum: Workstation communication sport Printer quering and tasking I/O Channel support for up to 99 communication channel Disk optimization routines On-line database backup and restoration Memory management functions Software watchdog functions Networking functions Housekeeping functions Diagnostic routines Server Redundancy Software The BMS Sub-System Contractor will provide six complete server computers arranged as three sets of redundant ‘hot standby’ server system. Each server computer are equipped with all hardware and software with complete capability to support the designated BMS tasks.

School safety laws Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

School safety laws - Speech or Presentation Example The stake holders that involve even the government should create peace of mind and have control of school safety. Some of the legal issues touching on school safety include bullying in school, premises liability at school, first amendment concerns, students code of conduct and finally school related product safety. Bullying in schools Bullying is very dangerous as it deeply affect most of the students by either threatening their right to attend classes and undermines the overall learning goals of a learning setting. Unfortunately, bullying in most of the learning institutions are on the rise. The government has realized the need for school safety and has ended up passing numerous ant bullying laws especially in some states such as California, Arkansas states. The main aspiration of creating passing these laws are to ensure schools are safe for learning. The central government has established laws such as First Amendment which ensure provision of equal protection to the students. Pare nts are encouraged to sue school or school districts for inability to prevent bullying if their children fall victims of this torturing act. In case a student bullies other students thus violating the bullied conduct codes and other relevant laws then the students who bully are mostly suspended or expelled. It is therefore upon the school administration to put in force codes of conduct that characteristically describe the kind of behavior expected from the students (Find Law Web). Property accountability at school Regarding the theory of premises liability, the occupiers and owners of premises are under obligation by the law to ensure that their premises are safe for use. The persons protected by this law should be people who are legally present and the owners must exercise a reasonable amount of care in providing a safe environment on their property. Considering that the school deals mostly with children, an utmost amount of care is principal in ensuring the safety of the children. Victims of any of the injuries resulting from failure to ensure safety within the school or negligence by the school may sue the school or school district. The school should be able to control every situation affecting children such as sickness to ensure total safety of the children. The US Supreme Court afforded students First Amendment freedoms but held that some rights may be restricted in that the freedom should be applied in a manner that attempts to balance free speech rights as well as the necessity to grant safe learning conditions. Parents and their children should always ensure that they are aware of students’ codes of conduct and other discipline policies that outline a student’s rights and responsibilities. These codes of conduct must ensure that all the acceptable and unacceptable code of behavior is clearly outlined. Additionally, students normally use different items which may impose threat to them hence making it important to know whether the products pose any risks before they are used. The US Consumer Product safety Commission standards have provided the lists of items that can be used and therefore it is important to visit their website to verify the school related items (Find Law Web). Arming the educators and the school support staff is beyond the expertise, experience and professional capabilities of

The Bean Trees Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Bean Trees - Essay Example merican parental rights and issues related to a psychological realm often operated within the context of myriad literary age concerned with the coming of an age is handled uniquely and brilliantly in the novel. Coming of an age which is quite interlinked with the themes of transition, metamorphosis and advancement of growing time or approach of old age is the central theme of many texts. The plot of the â€Å"The Bean Trees† demands a unique representation of the theme. The â€Å"Bildungsroman† or coming of an age is typical of a genre which focuses on the psychological development of the protagonist that comes with the maturity of his or her growing chronological age too. The genre of the novel also speaks about the quest for an answer or experience quite evident through the life of the protagonist of â€Å"The Bean Trees†. The genre also presents a conflict between the sensitive person and the society in which he lives and this conflict gives oxygen to the development of the plot. In â€Å"The Bean Trees†, Taylor with her trajectory in her old bug learns new phase of life with weird experiences of getting a baby child to meeting Mattie, who is an ocean of wisd om in terms of perceiving life. The plot, character portrayal, theme, setting and language of the novel from the outset represents the sound and hue of Kentucky life. The trajectory of Taylor, the protagonist of the novel and her meeting with the baby girl whom she names Turtle builds not only the plot of the novel but at every stage, her encounter with new people and their life style displays a set of colourful characters. The syntax and the language of the novel are quite lucid and full of colloquial terminologies launches the novel almost into a paradigm of folklore. The discovery of motherhood is almost like encountering an accident by carefree, independent, young girl named Taylor and her story of love, friendship, abandonment and sudden revelation of resources that are surprising in an area which

Americal Labor Issues (as it relates to unionized labor) Essay

Americal Labor Issues (as it relates to unionized labor) - Essay Example It will also emphasize on the fact that this influence is often felt in a radical sense in many working environments. The paper will give the function of unions and how unions are lawfully the employee's only representatives, which represent both union and non-union members. The only method an employee has for manipulating important decisions such as strike votes, contract approval, or strategies of negotiation is to join the union. As a result employees have to join so that they can be represented in the negotiations of union regarding wages and working conditions (Tait 2005). It will portray how for a lot of American employees, union membership may be their only choice as union members have authority over non union members when it comes to working conditions as well as wages. In the analysis section of the paper in order to portray the authority union members have over non union members a few cases, of union's mishandlings of workplace affairs that have hurt non-union workers will be given .

What Role Should the Government play in economic life Essay

What Role Should the Government play in economic life - Essay Example ent centuries, such as Karl Marx, have questioned the right of private property, and have called for an active part in controlling the generation and distribution of wealth. The marketplace and the government meet head-on in the division of authority in the creation and distribution of goods, services, and wealth. All economists, except the most conservative capitalists, believe that the government has some role in constructing and guiding the economy. The role of the government in economics is to assure that the economy of the country is able to express its culture and societal will. Taxation is one of the primary policy functions that a government can use to stimulate or discourage economic activity. Indeed, governments require taxation to provide the necessary funding for needed projects. Ideally, it is hoped that taxation would be fair and all citizens would bear an equal tax burden based on their abilities and needs. However, capitalism has been able to develop concentrated wealth and this unbridled economic freedom has the possibility to create the perception of a shortage of resources. The sixteenth and seventeenth centuries were characterized by food riots as production increased the supply, markets agitated a sense of shortage, and the threat of unfair taxes interjected a sense fear into the system. The governments role in economics is to assure the fair implementation of tax laws and eradicate the fear of taxes. According to Rothschild, "Commerce will flourish only in a state with a regular administration of justice" (14). The governments role in taxati on is to sustain a high degree of confidence in the application of the existing tax laws. The governments role in economics, in regards to taxes, is the generation of confidence in justice and not directing society through tax encouragements. Governments often assume the role of directing a societys culture through a series of punitive taxes or rewarding credits. Taxes are often levied against a product,

Article Review and Response (Read Full Directions) Essay

Article Review and Response (Read Full Directions) - Essay Example will be left without a single high-profile league sponsorship, even as Reebok will continue to sponsor the NHL, Adidas swallowed up Reebok in 2006, but Adidas as a brand will be left out in the cold so to speak. From a marketing point of view, moreover, exiting the NBA would mean that Adidas is potentially ceding more mind share to Nike and Under Armour, even as financial considerations, marketing strategy, and marketing budgets went into the decision to end the NBA sponsorship arrangement. For those who will be left to compete for a new NBA apparel and uniform deal, the projections are that the price will be much higher than what Adidas paid for this current existing sponsorship contract, which translates to amounts that are much greater than $400 million (Tabuchi and Belson). For Nike, what is at stake is extending its dominance of American sportswear, and preventing its emergent rival Under Armour from gaining market share. For Under Armour, the sponsorship deal can catapult its brand image and marketing reach beyond the US and towards other markets where the NBA has significant traction (Tabuchi and Belson). While on the surface ending the sponsorship deal looks bad for Adidas, the company may have figured out that the NBA is not the best vehicle for its brand advertising, in terms of return on marketing dollars. To be sure ,even with the current sponsorship arrangement in place, the article notes that the fortunes of the brand have been declining in the US for some time, and in certain product categories, such as shoes for instance, Nike has outclassed Adidas, and Under Armour too has come to achieve some success without the NBA. Moreover, in markets outside the US, Adidas may have enough marketing programs in place to compensate for the loss of traction from leaving the NBA (Tabuchi and Belson). On the other hand, it may be that losing the NBA sponsorship will further erode Adidas’ already dwindling market share and prospects in the United States. Maybe

HOW DOES OUR FAITH IN RELIGION AND SCIENCE AFFECT OUR GAINING NEW Essay

HOW DOES OUR FAITH IN RELIGION AND SCIENCE AFFECT OUR GAINING NEW KNOWLEDGE - Essay Example As a result, there have been conflicts as to the reliability of science or religion as sources of knowledge, which in turn affects people’s acquisition of new knowledge. In view of this, the aim of this paper is to show how faith in science and religion affect people’s acquisition of new knowledge. Knowledge can be pursued through religion or science, though they both use different methodologies. As stated earlier, research has revealed that conflicts exist between science and religion. Moreover, owing to controversial scientific discoveries, religion and science have been increasingly drifting apart. Science and religion differ because; while scientific knowledge is gained through empiricism and reason, religious knowledge is based on faith and divine revelation. In view of this, people with strong religious beliefs may not easily accept new knowledge that is not based on faith or divine revelation. On the other hand, people with strong scientific beliefs may reject ne w knowledge that is not based on reason or empiricism. The differences in perspectives between science and religion have further been facilitated by the fact that while science is constantly changing, religion tends to be static most of the times. Religious doctrines rarely change, thus people who have faith in religion may have this mentality when it comes to the acquisition of new knowledge. Such people are usually hesitant to embrace new changes or developments in the society. Moreover, any teachings that deviate from their religious beliefs are rejected, regardless of how helpful they might be. This absence of tolerance could hinder such people from acquiring new knowledge, since they are severely restricted by religion. Science on the other hand is more flexible, thus individuals with faith in science are open to new ideas. They also tend to be tolerant about other people’s opinions, since their perceptions are not restricted by any religious doctrine. As a result, it is easier for people who have faith in science to gain new knowledge, since such knowledge is considered a stepping stone to future discoveries. The inflexibility of religion has been demonstrated in various ways, showing that it indeed hinders people from acquiring new knowledge. The religious stand on the issue of HIV/AIDS is a good illustration that faith in religion affects how people respond to new knowledge. Owing to the prevalence of HIV/AIDS, scientists have recommended the use of condoms as one method of minimizing spread of the disease, which has no cure. However, the church, which is a religious institution, has strongly opposed use of condoms. The Catholic Church strongly opposes the use of condoms, yet scientists have proved that condoms are effective in curbing the spread of the disease. Faith in religion that condoms are not acceptable by the Roman Catholic Church has affected efforts by health professionals to teach people that using condoms reduces the chances of cont racting the disease. Roman Catholics cannot accept the use of condoms under any circumstances, while at the same time they do not have a better solution to stop the spread of HIV/AIDS. Although this new knowledge could actually save their lives, it is rejected on the basis of faith in religion. In this case, it is apparent that while scientific claims are backed up by proven facts, the refusal of condom use by the church is only based on faith rather

Week 5 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week 5 - Assignment Example The Learning Team had found that the initial ethics program that had been implemented by the company for over a year had lacked major factors that are needed for the proper upbringing of the ethics practiced within the company. The previous ethics program did not take into consideration the checking up on the rest of the staff that were working under the supervisors and managers. Studies have shown that training classes that are aimed at all of the employees in a company are the best teachers with regard to ethical behavior and meeting the expectations of the company’s top officers (Hadden, 2009). Proper enforcement of the company policies are also in need of improvement as a number of employees take for granted the lack of discipline that is given to them by the managers and supervisors. Seeing the changes that need to be made in order to improve the company, the Learning Team suggests the following in order to address the needed changes in the Ethics program within the company: gaining proper feedbacks from company employees and ethical training for employees. In order to address to the training for the employees at hand, studies have shown that a role playing type of company training would help employees interact more with one another and build rapport with one another. Proper ethics training would prove to create a good amount of accountability and would result to an environment that workers would make the right decisions in terms of ethics and thus include the maintenance of a highly productive work environment for them to stay in (Hadden, 2009). In order to get results on the implementation of the new set of company policies on the employees, rewarding systems are one way of catching the attention of the employee but instead of the reward, per se, attracting the employee, the work that comes from the reward would be something they would strive for more.

Of Mice and Men Essay Example for Free

Of Mice and Men Essay Friendship is significant as despite being rare in the America that the novel describes, friendship is able to exist between George and Lennie, despite under the crushing forced authority exerted by Curley who attempts to intimidate them and mock them. The forced authority also demonstrates that the trust in American society has been broken, similarly to how the depression resulted in people not willing to help other people out. This lack of trust is built upon. Another view which the reader is given is that in general society, there is a tendency for people to be lonely due to the lack of trust. Evidence of this is given by the appearance of Curley’s wife, who is simply referred to as Curley’s wife, without a name; there is a split in the equality of genders and she is expected to do simple jobs at home rather than working on a farm. Another side shown to the reader of Curley’s wife is her loneliness; the theme of loneliness as a contrast to friendship is repeatedly shown, such as when Candy describes her someone who ‘got the eye’, and that he ‘seen her give Slim the eye’ and ‘give Carlson the eye’. The fact that she is seen to be deliberately staying around George and Lennie, as if to catch their attention suggests the desperation that arose from loneliness, and how far people are willing to go in order to become happy: â€Å"Oh! †¦ You the new fellas†¦? Nobody can’t blame a person for lookin’† The theme of loneliness directly contrasts with the theme of friendship in the text, and in this way the importance of friendship is made significant as the friendship between George and Lennie proves to help them escape from the cycle of loneliness and desperation many other people faced at the time, one example being George’s protective nature when he demands that Lennie doesn’t take ‘a look at that bitch’, care which Lennie would not receive if it were not for friendship and care that other people did not receive. Further evidence of the breakdown in the society of America is given when Slim describes the situation as ‘maybe ever’body in the whole damn world is scared of each other’, and that it was a rarity for ‘guys (to) travel around together’, showing the lack of friendship. Slim eventually gives further evidence for this, saying that it is ‘funny how you an’ him string along together’, when the people ‘never seem to give a damn about nobody’, and especially when Lennie’s mental capacity is limited yet George insists on travelling with him: â€Å"It jus’ seems kinda funny a cuckoo like him and a smart little guy like you travelin’ together†, once again emphasising the significance of George and Lennie’s unique friendship. The unfriendliness in society can be seen building up into physical violence, represented by the fight between Curley and Lennie. Curley, who attempts to intimidate Lennie and eventually results in physically attacking him: â€Å"Curley†¦slashed at Lennie†¦blood welled from his nose†¦George†¦make ‘um leave me alone, George† Another contrast between friendship and lack of friendship is made; Lennie is seen to rely on George in order to help him while Curley is left alone to defend for himself, and this is significant as it proves how their friendship will eventually help them in their struggles. George and Lennie share a unique friendship in which they make up for each other’s flaws. George is presented as the cleverer of the two, while Lennie is presented as the stronger of the two. Despite the hostile society of depression era America, the friendship between the two characters is significant as it is a rarity for two people to be able to continue a friendship in a harsh time period where people were left to fend for themselves, and often had no family to accompany them. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE John Steinbeck section.

Meaning of Working Capital Essay Example for Free

Meaning of Working Capital Essay Working capital refers to the part of total capital which is required for day to day working of the business. The funds are required by the business for conducting its regular operations such as purchase of raw materials of finished goods, payment of wages manufacturing expenses, office and administrative expenses, selling distribution expenses. The funds necessary for making such regular payments of business is called Working Capital therefore have been defined as â€Å"the amount of funds necessary to cover cost of operating the enterprise. † The working capital of a business enterprise is measured on the basis of its funds locked up in various current assets such as inventors, accounts receivables and cash bank balance. 2.2 Definition of Working Capital– Various authorities have difined working capital in following manner. (1)â€Å"Working Capital is the amount of funds necessary to cover the cost of operating the buisness enterprise.â€Å"(Shuibn) (2)â€Å"Working Capital is the difference between the book value of the current assets.and the current liablities.â€Å"(Hoagland) 2.3 Circulating Capital– â€Å"Circulating capital means current assets of accompany that are changed in the ordinary course of business from into another, as for example from cash to inventories, inventories to receivables and receivables into cash.† Cash Raw Receivables Materials Finished goods Work-in-progress 2.4. Classification of Working Capital 1. Gross Working Capital5. Variable Working Capital 2. Net Working Capital 6. Balance Sheet Working Capital 3. Negative Working Capital 7. Cash Working Capital 4. Permanent Working Capital 2.5. Sources of Working Capital- The following are the some important of the sources of working capital.

Awareness towards the children right

Awareness towards the children right Children are regarded as precious gifts from God. It is rather curious and unfortunate that these same children are subjected to abuses and neglect. Universally, childhood is recognized as a period of sensitivity requiring special care, attention and protection (Awosola, 2008). Thus, children should know about their rights. However, the children awareness towards their rights is depending on the exposure that they got from the adult. It is the responsibility of the adult to educate the children regarding their rights. In Malaysia, the children are protected under the Child Act 2001 which covers the Juvenile Courts Act 1947, the Women and Young Girls Protection Act 1973, and the Child Protection Act 1991. It was enacted partially in order to fulfill Malaysias obligations under the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (Convention on the Rights of the Child). The Convention is divided into three parts containing 54 articles. It covers four broad areas of rights. The firs t is Survival Rights which include adequate living standards and access to medical services. Next is Development Rights that include education, access to information, play, leisure and cultural activities, freedom of thought, conscience and religion. Another area is Protection Rights which cover all forms of exploitation and cruelty, arbitrary separation from family and abuses of the criminal justice system. Last but not least, Participation Rights that include the freedom to express opinions and to have a say in matters affecting a young persons life. This research is focusing on the right to participate among the pupil. Childrens participation is especially important in fighting their exploitation. Problem Statement The awareness towards the children right is important for the children for them to know the things that they deserve to get as children. According to the Convention on the Right of the Child, in participation right the child have three rights, which is right of expression, association and a childs opinion. These rights can be seen in its practice at home, school and in general the society. This exploratory study was designed to find out the extent to which the primary school children were aware of their rights and practice the right to participate. Although this is a small-scale study with severe limitations with regard to generalization of the findings, it is nevertheless useful, as Melton and Limber (1992) have pointed out, for designing structures and procedures for implementation of childrens rights in a manner that is protective of childrens dignity (Ejieh, 2009). Research Objectives and Questions 1.3.1 The objectives of this study are: 1) To investigate the level of the primary school pupils awareness of their rights? 2) To explore if childs rights awareness among pupils are affected by their gender and age? 3) To determine how far the right to participate is exercised. 1.3.2 Research Questions. This study is set to ask the following questions: 1) Do the pupils know about the existence of children right? 2) Does right to participate are exercise at home, school and society? 2) Does age group influence their level of awareness? 3) Which gender is more aware of their rights? Scope of Study 1.4.1 Area of Research The area of research will be the level of awareness on children rights and the exercise of the right to participate among the primary pupils in Smk.St. Mary Limbahau Papar. Respondents of the research The respondents for this study are the primary pupils at Smk St.Mary Limbahau Papar. Questionnaires will be distributed randomly to the pupils from different classes. Duration of the research. The duration for this study is about two semesters which is about a year. Proposal will be completed at the end of the first 6 months. The questionnaires and findings will be completed in the next 6 months. Subject of the research The subject of this study is on the level of awareness of children rights among the primary pupils in Smk.St.Mary Limbahau Papar Significance of the study From the research, the level of awareness of children rights among primary pupil can be determined. Apart from that, it also can determine which gender has high level of awareness. Towards the end of this research it will determine how far the right to participate in decision making is exercised. This study is also as a platform to suggest possible ways to increase awareness among the primary pupil. Definition of Key Terms 1.6.1 Children According to the Children Act Of 2001, children is a person under the age of eighteen years; and in relation to criminal proceedings, means a person who has attained the age of criminal responsibility 1.6.2 Right Oxford defines right as a moral or legal claim to have or get or to behave in a particular way. 1.6.3 Children Right According to Wikipedia, childrens rights are the human rights of children with particular attention to the rights of special protection and care afforded to the young, including their right to association with both biological parents, human identity as well as the basic needs for food, universal state-paid education, health care and criminal laws appropriate for the age and development of the child. Interpretations of childrens rights range from allowing children the capacity for autonomous action to the enforcement of children being physically, mentally and emotionally free from abuse, though what constitutes abuse is a matter of debate. Other definitions include the rights to care and nurturing. 1.6.4 Convention on the Right of the Child According to Wikipedia, Convention on the Right of the Child is a human rights treaty setting out the civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights of children. CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK Literature Review John Fitzgerald Kennedy states that children are the worlds most valuable resource and its best hope for the future (Thinkexist.com: John Fitzgerald Kennedy quotes). The children have to be mould into a shape that would benefit our country in the future. Therefore, to avoid the children from being exploited by irresponsible parties, Children Right has to be promoted to the parties that are closely related to the children life, which are parents and schools. Article 42 of the Convention on the Right of the Child, requires States Parties to publicize its principles and provisions to children, young people, parents and care givers, and every one working with children and young people (Ejieh, 2009). Besides, the children also must be aware about their right. Oduolowu and Ogunyemi (2001) observes that: There is no duty more important than ensuring that their (childrens) rights are respected, that their welfare is protected, that their lives are free from fear and want and that they grow u p in peace. This study is conducted to determine the level of awareness among the primary pupil and their practice of the right to participate. Article 12 of the Convention specifically states that children have a right to be heard in matters that affect them and to have their opinions taken into account according to their age and level of maturity. Elaborating on the implications of this article UNICEF India (n.d.) states that children and young people have the right to participate in family decisions, in school and class decisions, in faith communities and even in the UN, among other organizations and groups (Ejieh, 2009). A research conducted by Felicity McArdle and Barbara Piscitelli covers the three variables, such as home or parents, schools or teachers and the society. In their research they visited four schools in the Brisbane region to talk with five to twelve year old children about their rights and to encourage them to depict their views of their rights. They found that parents involvement in awareness program is crucial. This is because many parents have a great deal to offer the program in their own life experiences. Always remind the children that, while it is commendable to protect their own rights, they must also consider the rights of others. Make sure they know that having rights also means having responsibilities (Pettman, 1984). Another finding that they got that involving to the teachers support to create awareness in the children. If children are not shown respect for their opinions, interests, and culture, they cannot learn positive ways of interacting with each other and those wit h whom they come in contact. Many incidents occur when young children need help in resolving conflicts, sharing, dealing with hurt, learning to cooperate and be part of a group. By encouraging a Rights environment in the setting, and introducing a Rights vocabulary, teachers can assist the children in developing a sense of community, and respect for others rights, as well as an awareness of their own rights. Apart from that, it shows that participation in group games might assist in the understanding of rules and rights. Some rules are for safety, some for cooperation and courtesy, some for protection of people and their rights or property. Many people in our community feel threatened by the idea that children have rights (Piscitelli Frey, 1997). United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child where it is clearly stated that the family, as the fundamental group of society and the natural environment for the growth and welI being of all its members and particularly children, should be afforded the necessary protection and assistance so that it can fully assume its responsibilities in the community and recognizes that the child, for the full and harmonious development of his of her personality, should grow up in a family environment, in an atmosphere of happiness, love and understanding (UNICEF, 1997). Participation rights are the most controversial of UNCROC rights, and have often been interpreted as applying only to older children. UNCROC stated that these rights should apply depending à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦on the age and maturity of the child (Layland, 2009). Yet other researchers (Carr, 2001; Flekkà ¸y Kaufman, 1997; Smith, 2000, 2002) have suggested that younger children too are developing agency, and that their learning is enhanced if they are able to exercise it. By educating the young to participate can bring many benefits to the country in the future. In some countries it has been found that participation by young people not only contributes to building civil society and strengthening democracy but it also, in addition to other benefits, fosters learning and enables them to build life skills (Cook, Blanchet-Cohen, Hart, 2004). Findings have shown that the training, care and exposure which a child is given at home and school during the formative years have lasting effects on their school achievement (Balli, 1997). This implies that home-school cooperation is very crucial for improved and better behaviour as well as achievement in childrens school subject. Meanwhile the societies that are sometimes represented by the media are undoubtedly persuasive instruments in mans struggle for self liberation and development. With respect to child rights issue, the media most especially television medium coverage has been used as weapon of awareness creation (Awosola, 2008). The denial of participation to children also diminishes the society in which they live, whereas the active participation by children has been shown to stimulate community development and change (Hart, 1992). 2.2 Conceptual Framework Independent Variable Home Dependent Variable Children right awareness and participation School Society Figure 1.0 2.2 Independent Variable 2.2.1 Home Education begins in the home and continues there through primary school, which is the ideal place for laying the foundation for in all round development type of education (Sarah, 2009). The parent plays important roles to instill the awareness of the child right as they are the closes to their children. The children may have a basis of awareness to the right if their parents are doing their responsibility to educate their children at early age even before the child are at the age of schooling. The practices of right to participate at home are the early steps to give awareness to the children. 2.2.2 School School is referring to the teachers. They as accredited educators are also responsible to give awareness to the children about their right. This can be seen through an exercise of the right to participate in school activities. 2.2.3 Society It is also known as community. This refers to the scope other than at home and schools environment. As children are a part of the society, therefore the societies are responsible to provide awareness of the children right. 2.3 Dependent Variable Awareness of the children towards their rights is dependent on the people closely related to them which are their parents, teachers and the society. The level of awareness can be seen in the practice of one of their rights, that is, right to participate. CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHOD Research design For the purpose of this study, the research design will be distribution of questionnaires. The research demands for information from the pupil. Type of approach is supplemented by a questionnaire survey. Unit of analysis This study is to know about the level of awareness of Children Right among primary pupil, thus the unit of analysis will be primary pupil in SMK.ST.Mary Limbahau Papar. Sample size The sample size for the study is 100 respondents. Sampling technique SMK.st.Mary Limbahau Papar will be selected for detailed analysis on the level of awareness of Children Right among primary pupil. The type of sampling is convenient sampling which involve selection on the unit of analysis. In addition, there will be a predetermined quota for male and female. Measurement or Instrumentation The questionnaire will be structured into 3 sections. Data Collection Basically, there are two method used for the collection. Those are primary data collection and secondary data collection. Primary data is a data which collected originally by the researcher based on his effort. Example, the data for this study will be collected through questionnaire to the focus group. This method was chosen because the designed questionnaire could be sent personally to them in a limited time and they have to return it back on that time. While, secondary data is the information which is already in existence that related to the study. It includes the data from the journal, book, and internet search. For this study, both of the data collection method is being used so that it will be help in term of an understanding and the accuracy of information that will be received. Data Analysis The data analysis for this study conducted through Statistical Package for Social Science software or SPSS version 17.0 which use the descriptive analysis and also crosstab. SPSS will be used as medium to analyze the data where the raw will be entered in the computer as a data file. By using the tools, any missing value can easily be identified. The tool will help in analyzing data such as table, figure also percentage.

Essay --

Keanu Jefferson Mrs. Smith English 10-Period 4th 10 February 2014 â€Å"Dr. Heidegger's Experiment† And The Affects It Has Nathaniel Hawthorne was born on July fourth, eighteen o four in Salem, Massachusetts, to a family that had been prominent in the area for a long period of time. â€Å"Dr. Heidegger’s Experiment† was written in 1837 by Nathaniel Hawthorne. Nathaniel Hawthorne was not always interested in education, but he went to Bowdoin College in 1821. He would be the only person in his family to ever to go to college. He was prepared by Dr. Benjamin Lynde Oliver for college and the college experience. He really did not care about school or interested in any type of particular type of profession, but still went to collage anyway. He studied most of the classics some including mathematics, philosophy, composition, and natural science. During his college years he met many people, including future president Franklin Pierce. Hawthorne's use of obsession, desire, and experience was established in the theme in the short story â€Å"Dr. Heidegger's Experiment†. In the early and mid ei ghteen thirty's everybody was taking about the fountain of youth and the affects to make you younger it has. The theme to this story was based on this fact. When Hawthorne was writing â€Å"Dr.. Heidegger's Experiment† he must have been thinking about the fountain of youth, desire, experience, and the obsession of life so it influenced this story to be the way he wrote it.. People often say â€Å"If I had my life to live over again. I would not be where I am at right now. I would use my experience that I have gotten to really better my life.† this story can make people think about having another shot and if they did have another shot at life how they would do everything d... ...esire something so bad that you will put effort into papers and try to pass test so you can get these things. If you desire these things then you would not mind putting a little effort into it. Nathaniel Hawthorne died on May nineteen,eighteen sixty four,. Hawthorne was a very active man and was very healthy. Hawthorne health started to fail him. He would not go see in doctors or anything to find out what was wrong with him. There is no details on the way he died . His death up to this day is still a mystery and no records to this day exist to find out the way he died. Some people say he died of cardiac arrest ,but there is no proof to this day about what happened to him. He went to New Hampshire hills a place that he loved to go to hoping to regain his health. He went there went his old friend Franklin Pierce. Nathaniel Hawthorne died on the second day of the trip.

The Nature of Solitude in Chopins Novel, The Awakening Essay -- Chopi

The Nature of Solitude in Chopin's Novel, The Awakening "The name of the piece was something else, but she called it ‘Solitude.' When she heard it there came before her imagination the figure of a man standing beside a desolate rock on the seashore. He was naked. His attitude was one of hopeless resignation as he looked toward a distant bird winging its flight away from him."(47) "All along the white beach, up and down, there was no living thing in sight. A bird with a broken wing was beating the air above, reeling, fluttering, circling disabled down, down to the water...when she was there beside the sea, absolutely alone, she cast the unpleasant, pricking garments from her, and for the first time in her life she stood naked in the open air, at the mercy of the sun, the breeze that beat upon her, and the waves that invited her. How strange and awful it seemed to stand naked under the sky! how delicious! She felt like some new-born creature, opening its eyes in a familiar world that it had never known."(138) These two passages from Kate Chopin's novel, The Awakening, both utilize much of the same imagery in conveying the nature of solitude, yet they do so towards creating somewhat oppositional representations. The instance of the first passage occurs on the night when Edna's own "awakening" begins, describing her fondness for music and the pictorial effects that it has upon her before she is then moved to tears by Mademoiselle Reisz's performance. The second passage is taken from the last pages of the novel wherein Edna swims out to sea, presumably towards her death. In looking back through the novel for this assignment I was struck by the similarity of these two passages and by the way that the imagery in them seems t... ... attitude of "hopeless resignation," she portrays an attitude of amazed excitement as she describes the scene as "delicious" and her place in it as that of a "new-born creature" entering into a new world and existence. The male figure in the first passage stands passive and "resigned" on the shore, but Edna in her state of wonderment acts, defiantly choosing her own fate in the face of the same societal pressures. Tragically, her choice means death and conveys the novel's sentiment that in a repressively sexist society the only option for an "awakened" woman may be oblivion. Through these shared images and the ideas that they represent, the two passages link and reflect upon one another and the characters' situations. This linkage enhances the palpable visual and sensual nature of the novel, thus beautifully presenting Chopin's multi-layered vision of solitude.

The Human Heart :: essays research papers

Abstract:Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary defines the heart as "the viscus of cardiac muscle that maintains the circulation of the blood". It is divided into four cavities; two atria and two ventricles. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs. From there the blood passes to the left ventricle, which forces it via the aorta, through the arteries to supply the tissues of the body. The right atrium receives the blood after it has passed through the tissues and has given up much of its oxygen. The blood then passes through the right ventricle into the lungs where it gets oxygenated. There are four major valves in the heart; the left atrioventricular valve (also known as the mitral or bicuspid valve), the right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid), aortic valve, and the pulmonary valve. The heart tissue itself is nourished by the blood in the coronary arteries.2Position of the Heart Within the Body:The heart is placed obliquely in the chest. The two atria are directed upwards and backwards to the right and are at the level of the fifth through the eight dorsal vertebrae. The apex of the heart points downwards and forwards to the left and corresponds to the interspace between the fifth and sixth ribs, two inches below the left nipple. Its atrial border corresponds to a line drawn across the sternum on a level with the upper border of the third costal cartilage. Its lower border (apex) corresponds to a line drawn across the lower end of the same bone, near the xiphoid process. Its upper surface is rounded and convex, directed upwards and forwards, and formed mainly by the right ventricle and part of the left ventricle. The posterior surface of the heart is flattened and rests upon the diaphragm muscle. Of its two borders, the right is the longest and thinnest, the left is shorter but thicker and round.Size:In an adult, the heart measures about five inches in length, three and a half inches in the broadest part of its transverse diameter, and two and a half inches in its antero-posterior. The average weight in the male varies from ten to twelve ounces. In the female, the average weight is eight to ten ounces. The heart will continue to grow in size up to an advanced period of life. This growth is more obvious in men than in women.3Circulation of Blood in an Adult:The heart is subdivided by a longitudinal muscular septum into two lateral halves which are named right and left according to their position.

Macbeth

At the start of the play, Macbeth was portrayed as a heroic and courageous man. He created this image for himself by fighting long and hard in the King of Scotland’s battle. The King of Scotland (along with all his people) was very impressed with Macbeth. He was rewarded for his efforts, being presented with the title of the Thane of Cawdor. After the battle, he and Banquo were out riding when they bumped into a group of incredibly strange women that had a strange aura of power about them (the witches). It was here that Macbeth was confronted with the prophecy that someday he would become King of Scotland. There were many reasons Macbeth could become King without murdering anyone – the current king could die, renounce his throne and appoint Macbeth as King, or Macbeth could overthrow him. Macbeth did indeed think for a while that he could become King without murdering anyone. â€Å"If chance will have me king, why chance may crown me without stir. † There were a lot of reasons why Macbeth was reluctant to murder King Duncan. For a start, he was a good King. He had been treating Macbeth very well, showering him with praise and rewards. The King wasn’t the only one who thought highly of Macbeth. The people of Scotland also held him in high regard. If he killed or tried to kill the King and got caught, his reputation would be gone. The final reason he had for not murdering King Duncan was that he was his host, and he should be protecting not endangering him. These reasons were all forgotten when Macbeth’s wife, Lady Macbeth, convinced him to murder King Duncan. She told him straight out that he ‘wasn’t a real man’ if he didn’t do this. She was involved in the murders both by convincing Macbeth and by drugging the men who stood guard in front of the King’s sleeping chambers. King Duncan’s sons feared that after their father was murdered, they would be next. They were very wary of everyone, and wanted to leave the castle as soon as possible. Banquo strongly suspected Macbeth was involved in the murder. He had also heard the witches’ prophecy, and he feared that Macbeth had ‘played foully’ to make the prophecy come true. Meanwhile, Macbeth was shocked by what he did. He wondered whether in killing King Duncan he had not made the position available to himself, but to others. The prophecy played heavily on his mind, and he wondered whether he had now made the Crown available to children that are not his, namely Banquo’s. Macbeth decided to kill Banquo and his son Fleance for more than one reason. The major reason was the prophecy predicted that Banquo’s children would become kings. By killing Banquo and his son, he would be able to prevent Banquo from having more children and stop Fleance himself from becoming King. The other more minor reason was that Macbeth thought that Banquo was suspicious of him, and he was worried that Banquo would tell someone or act on his suspicions. Macbeth didn’t tell Lady Macbeth about what he was planning to do because he thought his wife would think that it would upset their plans. The appearance of Banquo’s ghost made Macbeth very scared and worried, it definitely made him appear incredibly disturbed to all the people around him. Macbeth then decided to go to the witches. He had become caught up in events and felt he had lost control of the situation. He desperately wanted to know what was going to happen next. This did help him a bit, or so he thought, because he knew more about what was going on. This was due to three new prophecies made by the witches – ‘Beware Macduff’, ‘No fear until Birnam Wood come to Dunsinane Hill’ and finally ‘No man of woman born can harm you. After hearing these prophecies, Macbeth felt much more confident. He scoffed at the idea that a wood could climb a hill, and after hearing that ‘no man of woman born can harm you’, the only thing he felt threatened by was Macduff. Since he was a threat, Macbeth wanted to kill Macduff (just like everyone else who had been a threat to him). But he couldn’t get to Macduff, so instead he killed everyone that Macduff loved and destroyed everything that he cherished. As expected, this had a very negative affect on Macduff. Macduff most likely would’ve preferred to have been killed himself. Lady Macbeth at the end of the play was very different from the composed lady at the start. Her guilty conscience had gotten to her, and by the end of the play she was a guilty, stuttering mess. She began admitting to some of the terrible deeds she had done. Finally she just couldn’t take it anymore, and committed suicide. Macbeth kept on going because he thought that the prophecies would protect him. He figures he’s killed so many people he might as well keep going. Finally, he didn’t want to look weak in front of everyone and he wanted to keep his honour. The witches were the starting point and basis for all the murders Macbeth committed. No matter who he killed, it could always be linked back to the witches and their prophecies. They were the ones who first put the idea into his head about becoming King of Scotland. Lady Macbeth also played a major part in him becoming a murderer. When he was undecided about whether he was going to kill King Duncan, she urged him on until he finally made the decision to kill him. This first murder resulted in all subsequent deaths. Nevertheless, Macbeth wasn’t forced to kill anybody. He has to take some responsibility for his actions. If he was not so egotistical and keen to hold power, the witches prophecies would not have has such an effect on him. Macbeth was obviously responsible for all the murders, and Lady Macbeth played her part in them too, but I think the people most responsible for the murders were actually the witches. Before he met them, Macbeth led a perfectly normal life, free of any thoughts of treason or murder. But when he met the witches they planted all sorts of thoughts into his head via the prophecies. He wouldn’t have thought of being King of Scotland, let alone killing the current King, if he hadn’t heard the prophecy about him being King. He wouldn’t have killed Banquo and attempted to kill his son if the witches hadn’t told him that Banquo’s children would one day be kings. Macbeth wouldn’t have ordered that Macduff’s family be killed and his household destroyed if the witches had not told him to beware Macduff. Therefore I think I can safely say that the witches were the ones who were most at fault for the murders, and for the downfall of Macbeth.

7 Principle of Supply Chain Management Essay

1. Introduction Before we are to analysis this article, first let us clarify something before we start .In this article, it states the 7 principles of supply chain management and its importance in practical ,many of us must have a question, what is a supply chain management and why is it important for a company today ? See more: Satirical elements in the adventure of Huckleberry Finn essay Supply chain management (SCM) is the process that is used by a company to ensure that its supply chain is efficient and cost effective. They are aiming at provide the highest degree of customer satisfaction at the lowest possible cost through management of material and information flow in the supply chain .It requires the commitment of supply chain partners to work closely to coordinate order generation, order taking, and order fulfillment. Supply chain management consists of three flows: product flow, information flow and finance flow. Product flow is the physical movement of raw materials, work-in-process and finished product from supplier to manufacturer to the wholesaler and on to the consumer. Information flow is the shared information within the supply chain garnered from the various systems such as the transport planning systems, warehouse management systems, customer record management, order fulfillment systems and more. The third flow is the flow of money. This would be billing, the giving of credit, the transfer of money from manufacturer to supplier or from the consumer to the manufacturer or reversed. Any documentation with regards to money will be managed as part of this flow. Benefits of integrated supply chain management: There are countless benefits that supply chain management can bring to companies. Not only does it make for shorter lead-times to a customer and improved planning and forecasting capabilities for all partners of the supply chain, it also leads to cost savings and efficiency optimization. Time advantage is created when one of the business processes is faster than the other in achieving the same result. It is created through eliminate those processes that don’t add value but only add lead time. It becomes a competitive advantage when the firm develops processes that will enable it to quickly introduce new products in the market and portray the company as a pioneer. Cost advantage is created when the superior business process is cheaper to operate than the inferior other. It arises from better manufacturing process, cheaper inputs, or higher levels of automation that increase efficiency. Efficiency advantage is created when the superior business processes provide higher throughput, better asset utilization which include people, machine, technology and those can provide useful function in the business process .It normally results in more favourable cost structure and supports a cost-based business strategy. 2. Analyzing 7 principles Principle 1: Segment customers based on the service needs of distinct groups and adapt the supply chain to serve these segments profitably. Customer Segmentation is the subdivision of a market into discrete customer groups that share similar characteristics. Companies try to boost profitability by tailoring their supply chain strategy to each customer and product in their portfolio through segmentation. It help companies to gain competition by identify those underserved segments and then developing unique appealing products and services. By understanding the profit profiles of their customers and products, companies can develop marketing campaigns and pricing strategies to get maximum value and thus increase the overall profitability of their portfolios. However in today’s real market, there still existing â€Å"one size fits all† supply chain processes and policies, some companies use this method to serve their customers .The result is obvious, some customers are over serving and undeserving others, the more deeper influences are result a significant profitability from the over serving customers and cash-flow leakages and potentially lost sales from the undeserving customers. Segmentation can help address some problems in the supply chain processes .First is demand variability, properly structured segmentation policies for customers and products can significantly reduce the impact of demand variability. So what is variability? Variability is basically the difference between what we expect from something and what actually happens. It is the statistical distribution of outcomes one can expect from a process. Another is to simultaneously provide high levels of responsiveness and efficiency. In order to maximize sales and profits, companies may choose to use different methods to serve customers .Some products within a portfolio could be served through an efficient supply chain while others are served through a responsive supply chain. For example, a chip company manufacturing two different types of chips which are normal one and high-tech chips .company may deliver their normal chips through efficiency supply chain and deliver their high-tech chips through highly responsive supply chain. This is what we can understand as segment products through its features .One segment is for normal products which are predictable and another for high-tech products which is unpredictable .Company can through monitor the different segments to set different forecasting and stocking policies. In the 1990s Dell revolutionized both the computer industry and supply chain management with its direct-to-consumer business model. For the past several years, however, the company has been transforming its supply chain into a multichannel, segmented model, with different policies for serving consumers, corporate customers, distributors, and retailers. Through this transformation, Dell has saved US $1.5 billion in operational costs1 and has moved to the number two spot on Gartner’s â€Å"Top 25 Supply Chains† list. Dell is one of a number of enterprises that are benefiting from supply chain segmentation, a process by which companies can create profitable one-to-one relationships between their customers and their supply chains. Under this model, different customers associated with different channels and different products are served through different supply chain processes, policies, and operational modes. The goal is to find the best supply chain processes and policies to serve each customer and each product at a given point in time while also maximizing both customer service and company profitability. Principle 2: Customize the logistics network to the service requirements and profitability of customer segments. Logistics networks configuration is such kind of problems concerning with the number and site of warehouses and manufacturing plants, allocation of customer demand, distribution of warehouses to production plants along the whole process of material flow .Ideally, the best configuration must be able to deliver the goods to the customers within the shortest period of time meanwhile at the lowest cost. The objective of design or reconfiguration of the logistics network is to minimize annual system wide cost subject to a variety of service level requirements. In today’s environment of global economy, companies must be figured out some special ways that can utilize worldwide resources to keep the advantages of competition .They need to concern variety of problems such as where the most appropriate manufacturing facility should be that available for source products ,how to keep the balance between inventory ,transportation and manufacturing costs ,how to meet the demand uncertainty ,especially for those multinational companies because they have large scale of production and the cost definitely will be complicated than those small companies .All the successful companies have a well developed and realizable logistics system .High efficient logistics system will benefit companies from cost controlling ,high level customer service satisfaction and reach a business successfully . Now let’s take a look at Audi, one of the most successful car manufacturer in the world and how does the logistics network help them stand in the world. Audi outsource its logistics function to third-party logistics firms, so their manufacturing companies can focus their efforts on their core competencies and 3PL only needs to be efficient and effective to meet customers’ demands. In Audi Company, there are three new models for logistics network design with special focus on the perspective of 3PL companies. The objective of these new models is to increase the effectiveness of the resulting network design and the utilization of facilities in the network. 3 models of logistics network: †¢ Logistics network design with differentiated delivery lead time, †¢ Logistics network design with price discount, and †¢ Consolidated logistics network design using consolidation hubs. This shows that designing network with differentiated delivery lead time can reduce the network cost, while the other shows price discount can result in a network design with higher net profits, adding consolidation hubs at suitable locations near to the suppliers, it can leverage on concave Audi’s cost to reduce the overall network cost. This reflect that how does a good logistics network can help a company to be more productive. Principle 3: Listen to market signals and align demand planning accordingly across the supply chain, ensuring consistent forecasts and optimal resource allocation. This principle teaches us the importance of a good sales and operations planning to a company. Sales and operations planning is a process where executive level management regularly meets and reviews projections for demand, supply and the resulting financial impact. S&OP is a decision making process that makes certain that tactical plans in every business area are in line with the overall view of the company’s business plan. Each year, companies always have to spend a large amount of money on out of stock, excess inventory and excessive discounting due to imbalance between supply and demand .In addition ,promotions, new product introductions, packaging changes and changing demand patterns can all wreak havoc on the demand and supply planning process. But if companies implement sales and operations planning, it will help them gain the visibility and agility to improve product management and promotional planning, better understanding those necessary and unnecessary build-ups of inventory. S&OP is effective because it comprehensive and take everything into consideration .It develops a well coordinated operating plan in support of customer demand, business plan as well as companies strategy .It describe a complete picture of forecast demand ,supply capacity and financial information . Principle 4: Differentiate product closer to the customer and speed conversion across the supply chain. This principle focus on two factors, one is product differentiation and the other is speed conversion across the supply chain .Product differentiation is the process of distinguishing a product or offering from others, to make it more attractive to a particular target market. In economics, successful product differentiation leads to monopolistic competition and is inconsistent with the conditions for perfect competition, which include the requirement that the products of competing firms should be perfect substitutes. The purpose of product differentiation is to develop a position that customer see could be seen as unique ,as the product become more different, categorization becomes more difficult and hence draws fewer comparisons with its competition. If a company does very in product differentiation, it will divert people’s eyes from price factors to non-price factors such as product characteristics, promotional variables. After companies have differentiated their product ,they should think about some ways that can deliver it into customers hands which require them to speed conversion and compress the lead time .It has been consistently argued that time is the competitive weapon in the market .Lead time compression will have a greater effect on supply chain effectiveness .In the increasingly global marketplace most companies are competing with similar machines ,technologies and expertise ,the one who can launch product faster or speedup marketplace responsiveness will win market opportunities .This is the point they should catch up . Principle 5: Manage sources of supply strategically to reduce the total cost of owning materials and services. The relationship between buyer and supplier have been attracting a lot of people’s attention, a company maintain a good long tern buyer-supplier relationships will benefits both parties .No only company can keep its competitiveness in the marketplace meanwhile secure the access to external resources ,but also supplier can reach to a high profit for the sake of long term relationship .In other words which means the more close their relationship are ,the more benefits both parties will receive such as lowered costs and improve profits .Referring to this principle ,a company only with a good resource management system, knowing when to order, when to replenishment ,analyze the whole inventory system ,minimize the delivery time from supplier ,with all those factors implemented can make the company save money even make a profit . Principle 6: Develop a supply chain-wide technology strategy that supports multiple levels of decision making and gives a clear view of the flow of products, services, and information. The purpose of supply chain exists is to satisfy what the customers’ require .So in this case in order to meet customer requirement on time ,the information must be made available to those who need to plan and execute the operations of the supply chain. Thus a information technology should be implemented in the supply chain to ensure that information available when needed .We need communications technology to distribute information, storage technology to maintain databases, and processing technology to process the data into meaningful information. Under the technology strategies implement, efficiency and effectiveness of supply chain could be greatly enhanced based on the use of information technologies. New technological solutions have provided companies with completely new ways for information sharing in support of coordination and on the other hand, for handling of transactions with less friction Technology also plays an important role in the success of supply chain management, the biggest benefits technology has given to supply chain is the ability for companies to collaborate. For example, a supplier may build a connection with their distributors through internet, so when there is a shortage appears distributors can realize it and an order for the shortage could be placed automatically. This kind of collaboration can better use of existing resources and achieve a large profit margin. Principle 7: Adopt channel-spanning performance measures to gauge collective success in reaching the end-user effectively and efficiently. In order to make the supply chain becomes more effectively ,we need to measure the supply chain performance not only focusing on cost measurement but also need to consider other metrics including service ,financial and innovation .This principle refers to the inadequate of traditional accounting systems, it points out some factors that traditional accounting system do not take into consideration .Traditional cost accounting allocates the costs to the list of overhead and supporting those activities that company needs to do .There are different volumes of activities so that higher volume activities absorb a higher share of costs .However ,not all the activities costs vary directly with volume ,there are other factors may cause them such as the number of new customers, production line set ups and different parts to manage .If a company wants to achieve true profitability, they need to better manage those cost relationships correctly . 3. Conclusion Supply chain management typically begins with the acquisition of raw resources and ends with the delivery of the final goods to customers.It encompasses the planning and management of all activities involved in sourcing and procurement, conversion, and all logistics management activities. Importantly, it also includes coordination and collaboration with channel partners, which can be suppliers, intermediaries, third party service providers, and customers. In essence, supply chain management integrates supply and demand management within and across companies. The 7 principles described in this article is just give us guide line in which if we want to make a successful supply chain .Keep learning from others and finding the shortcomings if we want the supply chain to be more effectively and efficiently, Improving a process as complex as the supply chain can be daunting, as companies are challenged with finding ways to meet ever-rising customer expectations at a manageable cost. To do so, businesses must identify which parts of their supply chain process are not competitive, understand which customer needs are not being met, establish improvement goals, and rapidly implement necessary improvements.

Is it possible to demonstrate that a sociological analysis of the body and its varied states shed ‘light’ on the experiences of embodiment?

In order to evaluate the extent in which sociological analysis sheds light on the experience of embodiment it is essential that we first break down the meanings behind the question. The concept of embodiment is derived from the phenomenology of Merleau-Ponty, who argued: â€Å"that to the experience the world, we have to perceive it†¦. the embodiment of the human being is fundamental.† (cited in Reber & Reber 2001. p115). Reber & Reber (2001) go on to explain embodiment as the mode by which human beings practically engage and interact with the world. The experience of having a body alters in relation to the particular condition, or state, of the body at any one time. These varied states can include differences in long or short-term health or, for example, whether the body is in pain or not at a particular time. Other states can include diversity in age, or just altered states such as pregnancy. The sociological analysis of any subject matter involves having the ability to trace links between the wider society and the lives of the individuals within it, having an awareness of social structures. In contrast to sociological theories are those within the biological essentialist paradigm, whose explanations reduce the understanding of the body into terms of the physiological and absolute. This essay will attempt to illustrate the importance of the sociological explanation in understanding the body and its varied states, whilst highlighting the limitations of the more essentialist approach. The health and illness of the human body has traditionally been defined in terms of the biomedical model, which is based upon the reliance of scientific facts. The body is seen as a primarily biological entity thus ignoring external, environment factors, such as the family and the education system, shaping our bodies and minds. The idea that the mind and body are separate entities emanates from Descartes, dating back to the eighteenth century. A time, known as the enlightenment, when societies would come to depend more and more on scientific and rational explanations at the expense of religious explanations. There was an apparent move towards a more physiological and essentialist understanding of everyday life and a dramatic decline in more spiritual and less scientific explanations. Health and illness is traditionally described in a medical way. Pregnancy, for example, although a natural state for the female body, has undergone extreme medical intervention. Martin (1987) suggests that giving birth is in fact so medicalised that it can be described as â€Å"work done by the uterus†. She goes on to create a convincing analogy between the ‘job' of having a baby and the ability of women as workers to resist their conditions. The essentialist argument is argued to be both narrow in its assumptions regarding the body and the individual's ability to have free will. The theorists ignore the impact of external factors, arguing that all human behaviour is innate and fixed. In modern times, largely due to a more sociological understanding of the mind and body, it is understood that they in fact work together much more closely than ever realised before, and thus the concept of mind-body dualism is introduced. White (2002) argues that on the basis of empirical research sociologists demonstrate how the interactions of social class, power, gender and ethnicity enter into the formation of knowledge about the treatment of a sickness or disease. The social production and distribution of diseases and illnesses, illustrate how these varied states could be differently understood, treated and experienced by demonstrating how disease is produced out of social organisation rather than nature, biology or individual lifestyle choices. White (2002) also suggests that our knowledge of health and illness, the organisations of the professions which deal with it and our own responses to our bodily states are shaped and formed by the history of our society and our place in it. He criticises medical explanations, stating that they only serve to obscure, or completely cover, the social shaping and distribution of disease, disease categories and health services. Firstly we must consider more traditional sociological theories such as functionalism, mostly illustrated by Parsons' concept of ‘the sick role', a social role that is shaped by the social restrains of modern society. The focus is on how being ill must take a specific form in human societies in order that the social system's stability and cohesion can be maintained. Parsonian sociology emphasises the role of medicine in maintaining social harmony, pointing to the non-market basis of professional groups. Highlighting the social control of medicine in enforcing compliance with social roles in modern society. Marxist approaches emphasize the causal role of economics in the production and distribution of disease, as well as the role of medical knowledge in sustaining the class structure. Marxists are concerned with the relationship between health and illness and capitalist social organisation. Feminists' key argument is that the way in which we are socialized into masculine and feminine social roles will have a determining effect on our health and illness. They argue that medicine plays a vital role in enforcing conformity because controlling women's ability to reproduce is central to a patriarchal society. Feminists argue that the majority of medical attention paid to women is around their reproductive organs and their life cycle Marxist-feminists identify the ways in which class and patriarchy interact to define the subordinate position of women in society and the central role that medical knowledge plays in defining women. In contrast to these more structural approaches the interactionists would argue the focus should be directed at the way illness is a social accomplishment between actors rather than merely a matter of physiological malfunction (Bilton et al 1997). Self-identity has become more fluid and negotiable, separated from ‘social structures', which are often claimed to be just a figment of the sociological imagination. For some theorists the discovery of the body, linked to these weakened structures, has led to the argument that we construct our bodies as we see fit. White (2002) emphasises the openness of the body, and of the individuals that shape it. More recent notions of the body have examined the cultural meanings placed upon it, desirable body size, weight and shape etc. There has been much sociological research into understanding the ideas behind the individual's concept of ‘the self'. Much of this work is revolving around bodily appearance and individual self-perception, labels given to us by others and ourselves. Tyler (1998) investigated the recruitment and training of female flight attendants, concluding that their work: â€Å"involved adhering to culturally prescribed norms on femininity as well as organisational regulations governing her figure† Feminists' reactions to the way in which medicine ‘medicalises' their bodies have raised crucial issues at the centre of sociological explanations of disease. Illnesses are not simply deviations from the body's normal functioning, being ill can have a number of meanings that extend beyond a simple biomedical one. Sontage (1991) shows how TB and AIDS have attached meanings, so that they become ‘dirty' and ‘unclean' illnesses that ‘invade' the body. People who suffer from such stigmatised illnesses may well change the way they view their bodies and their own self-identity is affected, thus an illustration of mind-body dualism. Goffman, a key interactionist, theory of the body can be summarised by three main features. Firstly, that you can view the body as a material, communicating entity, controlled by individuals in order to facilitate and direct social interaction. Secondly, the meanings attributed to the body are determined by shared vocabularies of non-verbal language, such as facial expression and dress, which are not under the immediate control of individuals but which nevertheless categorise and differentiate between people. Thirdly, the body mediates the relationship between people's self-identity and their social identity, two quite different states. Consequently, these classifications greatly influence how individuals seek to manage their bodies and they way in which their bodies are perceived. In addition to its reflections on economic, social and political changes in society postmodernism is characterised by a mistrust of ‘science' as the truth. Senior (1996) suggests that people are more accepting of their own understanding of the world. Post modernists claim that no single theory can explain such a wide variation of experiences. Power is of crucial concern, not only economic power but also in the form of language, or discourse. Knowledge of the body becomes power, possessors of this knowledge can exercise control over those without, for example the doctor/patient relationship. Foucault, an extreme social constructionist, highlights the social role of medical knowledge in controlling populations. Similarly to Parsons, Foucault emphasises the diverse nature of power relationships in modern society, describing the emergence of a dominant medical discourse, which has constructed definitions of normality and deviance. For Foucault modern societies are systems of organised surveillance with individuals conducting the surveillance themselves, having internalised the ‘professional models' of what is appropriate behaviour. The usefulness of Foucault's position is the way in which he historically locates medical knowledge, especially in allowing for the development of the sociology of the body. By showing how the body is historically constructed, Foucault has been accepted and adapted by feminists, known as Foucauldian-feminisms, who show that it is in fact the construction of gender specific bodies that needs analysis. Okely (1993) writes a subjective account of her time spent at an all-girls boarding school, linking her experiences of class, gender and power inequalities, and the impact of these inequalities on the human body. She also refers to Mauss (1936) in her writings and the way in which it is discussed that different societies, groups and even forms of education make different uses of the body. These uses may and have often been documented to change over time and in individual variations. Mauss (1936) isolates three factors that are involved in understanding the body; those are social, psychological and biological (as cited in Okely 1993. p111). Okely (1993) talks of her constant attempts to convince ‘the authorities', for example teachers, that she had internalised the institutions way of life, of being a ‘lady' however, her body often let her down. She goes on to recall that the â€Å"minutest gesture could betray a lack of conviction, a failure of conversion† (Okely 1993. p112). Children and adolescents are the most vulnerable to these outside influences, which often permanently shape their minds and bodies. Okely cited a former resident that had attempted to train to become an opera singer, but who could not breath deeply enough. She believed this to be due to a constant requirement to stand tall and firm, therefore, leading the chest to become too ‘rigidly encased'. The girl obviously saw a connection with her education and her bodily state. In an attempt to draw attention to the social and individual impact of merely wearing a badge on the left or right side of your uniform, Okely highlights that in many cultures the right and left sides of the body, for example the hands, are used to represent symbolic and social oppositions. â€Å"the right is given pre-eminence and may be associated with order, legitimacy and the male while the left can be associated with disorder, disruptive forces and the female† (Hertz 1960 as cited by Okely 1993. p115.) In an effort to transform society, social constructionists inevitably raise questions about the past and the future, as they call into question prevailing ideological frameworks. Social constructionist approaches call attention to the paradox between the historically variable ways in which culture and society construct seemingly stable reality. Social constructionist theory suggests that sexuality is a fluid and changeable entity, the product of human action and history rather than the result of the body, biology or an innate sex drive, as essentialism would suggest. Vance (1994) in her research into female sexuality, which can also be seen as a varied state, uses the example of female circumcision. She illustrates that social constructionists have not ignored the body, its function and physiology, and still in fact have the ability to incorporate the body with it's theory without returning to essentialism. From a sociological perspective, biology is by no means the overriding factor in the development of a disease. Rather, as White (2002) suggests, it is the prevailing social and economic conditions that allow a disease to develop which must be accounted for. Furthermore; â€Å"given that germs do not speak for themselves, it is our interpretation of events that leads some conditions to be categorised as diseases.† (White 2002. p12) But to what extent has the sociological analysis of the body and its varied states shed ‘light' on the experiences of embodiment? It is clear from the brief evidence summarised above and the reading available on the subject that the essentialist explanation of the body in incomplete. As with any aspect of human society the impact of the relationship between the individual and his/her surroundings must be taken into consideration. There is much work to be undertaken in this area of study and many more links, or dualisms, to be uncovered.